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Note: Historians have not been able to agree upon who were the five kings; Some say Huang Di, Shao Hao, Zhuan Xu, Di Yao and Di Shun. Others say Shao Hao, Zhuan Xu, Gao Di, Di Yao and Di Shun.
Made You Xiong his capital. Huang Di was a vigorous soldier-emperor.
He ordered his officer Can Ji to establish Chinese characters. (Ancient inscriptions of pictographs belonged to the late Da Wen Kou culture were found in Dakou of Dadu, in Shangdong, 2800-2500 B.C.). Huang Di invented magnet and the wheel, built the first brick structures, erected an observatory for studying stars, corrected the calendar, and redistributed the land. Fought a fierce battle against rival leader Chi You and defeated him.
Egypt- first pyramid (2,780 B.C.); introduction of a 365 day calendar (2,772 B.C.).
Shao Hao - Jin Tian Shi
(2,597 - 2,513 B.C.)
Shao Hao- Son of Huang Di and Lei Zu. Built his kingdom at Qian Yang and made Qiu Fu his capital. He was buried at Yun Yang.
Zhuan Xu - Gao Yang Shi
(2,513 - 2,435 B.C.)
Zhuan Xu- Grandson of Huang Di and son of Chang Yi. Assisted Shao Hao and was awarded the land of Gao Yang. Zhuan Xi first built his kingdom at Gao Yang and made Diqiu his capital.
Di Ku - Gao Xin Shi
(2,435 - 2,365 B.C.)
Di Ku- Huang Di's great grandson. Ku was awarded the land of Xin at age 15 for his merit in helping Zhuan Xu. After he became king, his kingdom was known as the Gao Xin Shi, and Di Ku made Hao his capital (Yanshi county of Henan).
Zhi Di
(2,365 - 2,357 B.C.)
Di Zhi- Di Ku's first son, who took over his father's kingdom traditionally. Awarded his step brother Fang Xun as the Duke of Tang. Di Zhi was a weak leader. Zhi's officers abolished Di Zhi and crowned Duke Tang as their king, known a Di Yao.
Yao Di made Qi his capital.
Di Yao- Di Ku's second son, born in Yi, was awarded the land of Tao, and later the land of Tang. Yao was known to be a good king with great compassion towards his people. He was also very wise.
Yao commanded his officer Yu to combat the flood of the Yellow River (2,283 B.C.)
According to the legend, Yao invented Weiqi to enlighten his son Dan Zhu. Unfortunately, Dan has no interest in anything else besides Weiqi. When Yao was advanced in age he decided to elect a Tiandi Official (equivalent to a prime minister) to replace Yihe. His followers recommended Dan Zhu but Yau disagreed, stating that Dan was no good in anything else other than Weiqi. Yao appointed Shun as his own successor, giving his two daughters to Shun as wives. He also exiled his son Dan Zhu to Yan (Yan Zhu Cheng of Shandong).
Yu Shun's original name was Yao (this Yao although rhymes with Yao of Di Yao, are two different words). He was known for his piety and won the support of the pheasants. Di Yao appointed Shun as his successor. Shun Di made Qi his capital. He fought the flood, improved on the calendar, and standardized weights and measures. A sophisticated education system existed during Shun's reign. Shun died in the wilderness of Can Wu during a journey to the south (18 years after he took over the throne). Since none of his sons were righteous, Yu was named his successor.
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